1. Lighthouse of Alexandria
Description: One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Lighthouse of Alexandria was built in the 3rd century BC on the island of Pharos in Alexandria to guide sailors in the harbor. Its height was estimated to be between 100 and 130 meters.
2. Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa
Description: One of the largest funerary complexes in Alexandria, the catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa date back to the 2nd century AD and combine elements of Egyptian, Greek, and Roman architecture.
Location: Alexandria (31.1829° N, 29.8967° E)
3. Pyramids of Giza
Description: The Great Pyramids of Giza, especially the Great Pyramid of Khufu, are the most famous structures of Ancient Egypt, built as royal tombs during the 4th Dynasty (c. 2580-2560 BC).
Location: Giza (29.9792° N, 31.1342° E)
4. Sphinx of Giza
Description: Located near the Pyramids, the Great Sphinx of Giza, carved from limestone, represents a creature with a lion's body and a human head, probably that of Pharaoh Khafre.
Location: Giza (29.9753° N, 31.1376° E)
5. Pyramid of Saqqara
Description: The Pyramid of Djoser in Saqqara is the first Egyptian pyramid and the oldest example of large stone architecture in the world. It was designed by the architect Imhotep around 2670 BC.
Location: Saqqara (29.8713° N, 31.2165° E)
6. Memphis
Description: The ancient capital of Egypt during the Old Kingdom, Memphis was an administrative and religious center. Today, the ruins contain the Colossus of Ramses II and the Temple of Ptah.
Location: Mit Rahina (29.8495° N, 31.2543° E)
7. Temple of Luxor
Description: Built during the reign of Amenhotep III and expanded by Ramses II, the Temple of Luxor is dedicated to the god Amon-Ra and is aligned with the Temple of Karnak, which it was connected to by an avenue of sphinxes.
Location: Luxor (25.6994° N, 32.6396° E)
8. Temple of Karnak
Description: Karnak is a vast complex of temples, chapels, and sanctuaries, with the largest dedicated to Amon-Ra. It was expanded by several pharaohs over 1500 years, from the Middle Kingdom to the Ptolemaic Period.
Location: Luxor (25.7188° N, 32.6573° E)
9. Valley of the Kings
Description: The Valley of the Kings in Luxor is the burial site of many pharaohs of the New Kingdom, including Tutankhamun, Ramses II, and Seti I. It is famous for its richly decorated tombs.
Location: Luxor (25.7402° N, 32.6014° E)
10. Temple of Hatshepsut
Description: Built for the female pharaoh Hatshepsut in the Deir el-Bahari necropolis, this temple is one of the most impressive examples of Egyptian architecture, featuring terraced levels and majestic columns.
Location: Luxor (25.7375° N, 32.6064° E)
11. Temples of Abu Simbel
Description: Constructed by Ramses II, the temples of Abu Simbel are monuments carved directly into the rock. The Great Temple is dedicated to Ramses and Egyptian deities, while the smaller one is dedicated to his wife Nefertari.
Location: Abu Simbel (22.3373° N, 31.6257° E)
Sources:
Wilkinson, R.H., The Complete Temples of Ancient Egypt, Thames & Hudson, 2000.
Shaw, Ian, The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, Oxford University Press, 2004.
British Museum: Information on ancient Egyptian monuments.
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20/12/2024: 9.07 a.m
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