JOURNEY OF FAITH: MADINAH TOURS (HAJJ 2017)

ABOUT MADINAH

Madinah, officially known as Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah (The Enlightened City) is the second holiest city in Islam and the capital of the Madinah Province in Western Saudi Arabia. Known as the "City of the Prophet", it was a destination of the Prophet Muhammad's migration (Hijrah) in 622 CE and served as the first capital of the Islamic state. Madinah was known as Yathrib in the pre-Islamic times. 

Yathrib bin Qayina or Yathrib bin Qaniah is historically recognised as the founding figure and first settler of the oasis that became Madinah. He was a descendant of Noah through his son Shem or Sam. 

Prophet Muhammad s.a.w renamed the city Madinah or Taybah upon his migration in 622 CE. 

Madinah during Umrah in 2015

MASJID NABAWI

Kindly refer to : Zulheimymaamor.blogspot : Journey of Faith - Madinah & Prophet Mosque

PROPHET'S MARKET

The original market established by Prophet Muhammad in Madinah is historically known as Souq al-Manakhah (or Souq al-Nabi). Established over 1,400 years ago, it was designed as a revolutionary tax-free and accessible public space to break contemporary monopolies and ensure ethical trade.

While the original Souq al-Manakhah is no longer a functioning market in its ancient form, its historical site is marked and located west of the Prophet's Mosque. Today, several traditional and modern markets carry on the city's heritage near the The Prophet's Mosque.

MASJID QUBA

In 2017, the Masjid Quba (Quba Mosque) remained one of the most significant spiritual landmarks for the roughly 2 million pilgrims who traveled to Saudi Arabia for Hajj. While the core Hajj rituals take place in Makkah, the "Ziyarat" (visitation) to Madinah—and specifically Masjid Quba—is a deeply cherished tradition for almost every pilgrim.

It was established by Prophet Muhammad s.a.w in 622 CE during the Hijrah (migration) from Mekkah to Madinah. The Prophet himself participated in its construction, laying the first stone.

There is a hadiths which states that performing Wudu' (ablution) at home (or one's hotel) and then offering two Rak'aat of prayer in Masjid Quba earns the rewards of a complete Umrah. 

It is believed to be the mosque referred to in Surah At-Tawbah (9:108) as the mosque "founded on piety from the first day". 

Masjid Quba during 2015 Umrah

Masjid Quba during Hajj 2017

JABAL UHUD

Jabal Uhud (Mount Uhud) is perhaps the most significant historical site in Madinah after the Prophet's Mosque. Located about 5 km north of the city center, it is a massive volcanic mountain range that stretches nearly 7 km and stands over 1,000 meters high.

For pilgrims, a visit to Uhud is not just sightseeing; it is a profound lesson in history, discipline, and sacrifice.

Jabal Uhud during Umrah 2012

Jabal Uhud during Umrah 2015.

Jabal Uhud during Hajj 2017

1. The Battle of Uhud (23 March 625 CE)

Uhud is the site of the second major battle (Battle of Uhud) in Islamic history.

• A pivotal conflict fought between Muslim community of Medina and the Quraysh of Mecca. 
• Muslims: Approximately 700 men (after 300 withdrew with Abdullah ibn Ubay).
• Quraysh: around 3,000 men, including 200 cavalry led by Khalid ibn Walid. 
• The Strategy: Prophet Muhammad positioned 50 archers on a small hill (now known as Jabal al-Rumah or Archers' Hill) to protect the rear of the Muslim army.
• The Turning Point: Believing the battle was won, most archers left their posts to collect war spoils, despite the Prophet’s strict orders to stay. This allowed the Meccan cavalry (led by Khalid ibn al-Walid at the time) to circle the mountain and launch a devastating surprise attack.
• The Lesson: For pilgrims, Uhud serves as a permanent reminder of the consequences of disobedience and the dangers of prioritizing worldly gains over spiritual instructions.
• The Outcome: The Prophet was wounded, and several high-ranking companion were martyred, including the Prophet's uncle Hamza ibn Abd Muttalib. 

2. Key Sites to Visit at Uhud

When you visit the area today, there are three primary landmarks to focus on:

Jabal al-Rumah (Archers' Hill)

This is the small, rocky mound where the archers were stationed.

• Activity: Most pilgrims climb this hill. From the top, you get a panoramic view of the entire battlefield and can visualize how the events unfolded.
• Perspective: Standing here helps you understand the strategic geography of the valley.

The Martyrs' Cemetery (Shuhada Uhud)

At the base of the mountain lies a gated cemetery containing the graves of 70 companions who were martyred in the battle.

• Notable Grave: The most prominent is that of Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib, the Prophet’s uncle, known as Sayyid al-Shuhada (the Master of Martyrs).
• Protocol: Pilgrims usually stand by the fence to offer Salam (greetings) and prayers for the deceased.

The Martyrs' Cemetery at Mount Uhud in 2012 (Umrah) and 2017 (Hajj)

Sayyid al-Shuhada Mosque

A beautiful, large mosque was recently expanded and completed near the site (around 2017). It can accommodate thousands of worshippers and provides a cool, serene place for pilgrims to pray after exploring the battlefield.

3. The Prophet’s Love for Uhud

Despite the tragedy that occurred there, the Prophet Muhammad expressed a deep, mystical affection for the mountain. He famously stated:

"Uhud is a mountain which loves us and which we love." > — (Sahih Bukhari)

This sentiment transforms the mountain from a "site of defeat" into a "site of love and resilience" for the Muslim community.

AL-BADAR AT MADINAH

Al-Badar Madinah, a historic region about 130 km to 150 km southwest of Madinah.It is globally significant as the site of the Battle of Badar (624 CE), first major battle in Islamic history. 

Key Landmarks:

1. Masjid Al-Arysh: built on the site where Prophet Muhammad s.a.w prayed during the battle. 
2. Cemetey of the Martyrs: the resting place of the 14 companions (sahaba) who were martyred in the battle. 
3. Jabal Malaikat (Mount of Angels) : the hill where it is believed angels descended to assist the Muslim army. 

KURMA FARM IN MADINAH

In Madinah, "kurma" (date) farms offer a blend of agricultural tourism, shopping, and historical significance. Many of these locations function as both active orchards and retail hubs where you can sample fresh varieties like Ajwa, Safawi, and Sukkari before purchasing. 

Many farms, such as Alia Al-Madinah Farms and Taiba Brothers Farms, allow you to buy directly from the producer, ensuring freshness and competitive pricing compared to city markets.

Kurma Farms at Madinah during Umrah 2012

Kurma Farms at Madinah during Umrah 2015

Kurma Farm at Madinah during Hajj 2017

OTHER HISTORIC MOSQUE IN MADINAH

1. Masjid Al-Qiblatayn: The historic site where the direction of prayer (Qibla) was change during a congregational prayer. While the original structure once held two mihrabs facing both direction, only the one facing Mekkah is now used for prayer. 
2. The Seven Mosque : or Masjid Tujuh, a group of small mosques located at the site of the Battle of the Trench. However as today, only 6 mosques left such as Masjid Al-Fath, Masjid Salman Al-Farisi, Masjid Abu Bakr, Masjid Umar, Masjid Ali and Masjid Fatimah. 
3. Masjid Al-Jumuah: the site where the Prophet Muhammad s.a.w led the first Friday prayer in Madinah after the Hijrah. 
4. Masjid Zulhulaifah: also known as "Bir Ali Mosque" and "Masjid Ash-Shajarah (Mosque of the Tree), the essential Miqat Station Pilgrims departing from Madinah for Hajj or Umrah.
5. Ghamamah Mosque: also known as the "Mosque of the Clouds", is a prominent historical landmark located just southwest of Al-Masjid an-Nabawi. It marks the site where the Prophet Muhammad s.a.w led important congregational prayers during the final years of his life. 

The site for the Battle of the Trench (Wikipedia)

RAWAAE AL-ANWAR RESTAURANT, MADINAH

During my Hajj in 2017, Rawaae  Al-Anwar Restaurant was a popular Pakistani and India dining spot located in Madinah. Situated on Abu Ubaidah bin Al Jarrah Street, it was a frequent stop for pilgrims seeking affordable, authentic South Asian flavors. It specialised in Pakistani and Indian dishes, known for being a "Pak/Indian" eatery. 

Pakistani Cuisine

In 2017,Madinah (Medina), the second-holiest city in Islam, experienced significant developments in tourism infrastructure and local events. As the capital of the Medina Province in Saudi Arabia, it remained a primary destination for millions of pilgrims.

Compiled by:

Hj Zulheimy Maamor

Hajj 2017 Pilgrim

30/12/2025: 9.30 p.m

JOURNEY OF FAITH : MEKKAH TOURS (HAJJ 2017)

Mekkah in 2012 (Umrah)

Areej Al Falah Hotel, where my group and I stayed during Umrah 2015. A 3-star accommodation located on Ibrahim Al Khalil Road in the Ash Shubaikah district, approximately 200-300 metres from Masjidilharam courtyards. 

During Umrah 2015

Mekkah in 2017 during Hajj Season.

ABOUT MEKKAH

Mekkah or Mecca (officially Mekkah al-Mukarramah) is the holliest city in Islam, located in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia. It is the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. and the site where the Quran was first revealed to him. 

Every able-bodied Muslim is required to perform the Hajj pilgrimage at least once in their lifetime at Mekkah. Millions of visitors travel here annually for Hajj and the shorter Umrah pilgrimage.

MASJID AL-HARAM

Masjid al-Haram is the largest and most important mosque in the Islamic world. Located in Mekkah, it houses the Islam's holiest site, the Kaaba, the focal point (Qibla) for Muslim prayers globally,  and receives millions of pilgrims each year. 

As 2026, the Great Mosque is both the largest mosque in the world and the most expensive building in the world. It currently spans approximately 356,000 to 456,000 square metres and can accomodate between 1.2 and 2 million worshippers during peak times like Hajj dan Ramadan. 

Masjidilharam in 2012 (during Umrah)

Masjidilharam in 2015 (during Umrah)

Masjidilharam in 2017 (during Hajj Season)

KA'ABA

The Ka'aba also known as Baitullah, stand as a cubical structure at the heart of Masjid al-Haram in Mekkah. Considered the most sacred site in Islam, it is the focal point towards which Muslims orient themselves during each solat. It is also integral to the rite of Tawaf, where it is encircled by pilgrims performing Hajj and Umrah. It was first built by Prophet Ibrahim (pbuh) dan his son Ismail. 

The Sacred sites within the Ka'aba :

• Hajar Al-Aswad, the black stone marking the start of the Tawaf
• Maqam Ibrahim: a stone bearing the footprints of the Prophet Abraham (pbuh). 
• Zamzam well: a sacred water source located within the complex. 
• Safa and Marwa :  the two hills between which pilgrims perform the Sa'ie ritual. 
• Hijr Ismail (Hateem) : a semi-circular area considered part of the Ka'aba.

PROPHET MUHAMMAD S.A.W BIRTHPLACE

Prophet Muhammad s.a.w was born in Mekkah in 570 C.E.A significant historical landmarks located in the She'eb Abi Talib area, just a short walk from the Masjid al-Haram. 

The birthplace of Prophet Muhammad is situated on Suq al-Layl Street, east of Masjid al-Haram. It is roughly 400 to 500 meters from the Mas'a (the area where pilgrims perform Sa'ie between Safa and Marwah). 

However the original house where the Prophet was born no longer exists in its 7th century form. The Saudi had transformed the site into a public library known as Maktabat Makkah al-Mukarramah (the Mecca Library).

MIQAT QARN AL-MANAZIL

Miqat Qarn Al-Manazil, also known as As-Sayl al-Kabir, is one of the five principal stations (Miqat), designated for pilgrims to enter the state of Ihram before performing Hajj or Umrah. The Miqat is located 80 km northeast of Masjidilharam and 40 km from the city of Ta'if. 

Qarn al-Manazil serves as a Miqat for the people of Najd and for those from cities such as Ta’if and Riyadh. It is also a Miqat for individuals travelling from Gulf Countries such as the U.A.E and for pilgrims from further afield such as Pakistan, Australia, Malaysia, Singapore etc.

ZAM ZAM WELL

The Zam Zam well is one of the most sacred sites in Mekkah, located within the Masjid al-Haram, approximately 20 meters east of Kaaba. While the well itself is no longer visible to the public, its history an the distribution of its water are central to the Hajj and Umrah experience. 

The story of the well dates back to the time of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham), his wife Hajar, and their son Ismail. According to Islamic tradition, the well sprang forth miraculously when Hajar was searching for water for her thirsty infant son, Ismail, running seven times between the hills of Safa and Marwa.

The well is approximately 30.5 to 35 metres deep, the well pumps between 11 to 18.5 litres per second. During peak seasons like Hajj and Ramadan, it can supply up to 1.6 million litres daily. 

Scientists have noted that the water is naturally alkaline (pH 7.5-8.0) and is high in calcium fluoride and magnesium salts, which contributes to its unique taste and its refreshing quality for tired pilgrims.

ABRAJ AL BAIT

Also known as Mekkah Royal Clock Tower, a massive government-owned complex located just steps away from the Masjid al-Haram. Completed in 2012, it was designed to modernise the city and provice world-class facilities for the millions of pilgrims who visit for Hajj and Umrah. 

At 601 meters, it is the tallest building in Saudi Arabia and one of the tallest structures in the world. It features the world's largest clock faces-four in total.

The complex consists of 7 towers : 

1. Makkah Royal Clock Tower (The central Fairmont hotel)
2. Hajar (Mövenpick Hotel)
3. Zamzam (Pullman Hotel)
4. Maqam (Swissôtel)
5. Qibla (Swissôtel Al Maqam)
6. Safa (Raffles Makkah Palace)
7. Marwah (Al Marwa Rayhaan)

Datuk Ir. Ts. Wan Nazri Hj Wan Aria and Hairul Nizam Baharudin are key Malaysian figures associated with the engineering and technical aspects of the Abraj Al Bait (Mekkah Royal Clock Tower Project). 

Datuk Wan Nazri was the Head Stuctural Engineer and a lead consultant for the Mekkah Royal Clock Tower. Working with the German architecture and Engineering firm SL Rasch GmbH, he is responsible for designing and analysing the complex steel structure and composite facade of the clock tower. 

Hairul Nizam Baharudin was part of the expert team from Premier Composite Technology, his work focused on the composite components of the tower. He was one of approximately 14 Malaysian experts involved in the intricate installation of these high-tech materials.

Together, their involvement highlights the significant role Malaysian engineering talent played in creating what is now the world's tallest clock tower and one of its most complex architectural structures. 

AL-SAFWA TOWERS

Al Safwa Towers is a prominent multi-tower hospitality and commercial complex located in the Ajyad district of Mekkah, Saudi Arabia. Situated directly opposite the King Abdulaziz Gate, it is one of the closest lodging option to the Masjidilharam and the Kaaba. 

The key Towers and Hotel:

1. Al Safwah First Tower (Tower 1): a 5-star hotel featuring 292 residential units across 22 floors. It is highly regarded for its panoramic views of the Holy Mosque and Kaaba. 
2. Al Safwah 3rd Floor : A luxury property offering unique view of Jabal Al Kaaba and Ajyad. 
3. Dar AL Ghufran: located within the Safwa Towers, this hotel is a distinguished property known for its elegant architecture and proximity to the Zamzam well. 

During my Hajj 2017, a well-known Malaysian restaurant and catering, Felda D'Saji operated at the outlet in Al Safwa Tower food court at level 2. For many Malaysian, this was considered the 'only' place in Mekkah to get a true taste of home. It was famous for serving authentic Malaysian fare include Nasi Lemak, Roti Canai, Teh Tarik, Mee Goreng etc...

The restaurant was closed in late 2020, however it was reopened in December 2022 and still operating as April 2026. 

Felda D'Saji in 2017 during Hajj

JABAL AN NUR

During the 2017 Hajj season, Jabal an-Nuur (Mountain of Light) remained one of the most visited historical sites in Mekkah. Thousand of pilgrims made the trek daily to visit the Cave of Hira, where the first verses of the Quran were revealed to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) during the month of Ramadan.

Reaching the summit involves ascending approximately 1,200 to 1,750 steps. At the Cave of Hira, many performed two units of prayers (Rakaat) in the spot where the revelation began. Prophet's elderly wife, Siti Khadijah r.a. was reportedly climbed the mountain daily to bring him food and water during his seclusion. 

1. Harian Metro : Jejak Jabal Nur
2. Harian Metro : Insaf di Jabal Nur

JABAL RAHMAH

Jabal Rahmah (Mountain of Mercy) or Mount Arafat, is the spiritual heart of the Hajj itself. Located on the Plain of Arafat, about 20 km from the center of Mekkah, this small granite hill is where the Prophet Muhammad s.a.w delivered his Farewell Sermon and where tradition holds that Adam and Eve reunited on Earth. Being the plain of Arafat, it is a mandatory pillar of Hajj. 

On 9th of Zulhijjah (31 August 2017), millions of pilgrims gather here for Wuquf, a core pillar of Hajj,  from noon until sunset. 

A prominent 4-meter white stone pillar sits at the summit. It serves as a landmark to help pilgrims identify the hill from a distance. 

1. Wikipedia: Day of Arafah
2. Hajj and Umrah Planner

Jabal Rahmah during Hajj 2017

Jabal Al-Rahmah during my Umrah in 2015

Jabal Rahmah during Umrah in 2012

JABAL THUUR

Jabal Thuur or Mount Thawr is the mountain of refuge and migration. Jabal Thuur was widely considered the most difficult of the three mountains to summit. It is significantly higher and steeper that Jabal an-Nuur. Situated in the Al-Hijrah district, south of central Mekkah. 

Because the 2017 Hajj fell in late August, the heat on the exposed rock face was dangerous by mid-morning. Pilgrims typically began their ascent at 1:00 AM to reach the cave by dawn, as there was almost no shade on the route.

The destination is the small cave where the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and Abu Bakr (RA) hid for three days during the Hijrah (migration to Madinah) in 622 CE. It is here that tradition holds a spider spun a web and a dove laid eggs at the entrance, deceiving the Quraysh search party into thinking no one had entered. This event is immortalized in the Quran (Surah Al-Tawbah 9:40). 

Reference : Jabal Thawr

Photo taken during Umrah in 2015

JABAL ABU QUBAIS

A mountain located on the eastern side of Masjid al-Haram, where the Prophet s.a.w is reported to have split the moon in half. Due to the ongoing expansion of Masjid al-Haram, only remnants of the mountain remain. 

Historically, a small mosque known as Masjid Bilal was located on its summit, though it is no longer exists today. 

Reference: 

1. Hajj and Umrah Planner
2. Wikipedia: Abu Qubays (Mountain)

MASJID AL-HUDAIBIYYAH

The location where the Treaty of Hudaibiyyah was signed in 6 AH (628 AD). This landmark located on the outskirts of Mekkah along the old Jeddah Road, serves as both powerful historical monument and a functional Miqat Point for pilgrims. 

The Tready of Hudaibbiyah was a 10-year peace agreement between the Muslims and the Quraysh, which allowed Islam to flourish in the Arabian Peninsula. 

Hudaibiyyah is a key point of Miqat Station where pilgrims enter the state of Ihram, particularly those traveling from Jeddah or those already in Mekkah looking for a nearby Miqat. Located 24 km from the Masjid al-Haram, it is most conveniently reached via taxi or ride-sharing services from central Mekkah. 

Reference: Hajj Umrah Planner

Photo taken during Umrah in 2015.

WADI MUHASSIR

Wadi Muhassir : A narrow, dry valley located between the sacret sites of Muzdalifah and Mina, to the east of Mekkah in the Hijjaz region of western Arabia. It holds a significance within the Islamic tradition due to its association with the historical event of the failed Abyssinian campaign, led by Abrahah against the Kaaba in circa 570 CE.  It is a sunnah to walk briskly through this area when crossing between the two sites. 

It is here according to tradition that Allah destroyed Abrahah and his army of elephants. This incident is mentioned in Surah al-Fil in AlQuran. 

AIN ZUBAIDAH

Wikipedia: Canal of Zubaidah

Ancient aqueduct and canal sytem build over 1,200 years ago by Queen Zubaidah binti Jaa'far, the wife of Caliph Harun al-Rashid. It was a massive humanitarian project designed to bring fresh water from the mountains to the parched pilgrims in Mekkah, Arafat and Mina. The canal runs about 35 km from the mountain of Taif to Mekkah. 

It is no longer the primary, its ruins are a major historical landmark. It is considered a "masterpiece of human creative genius," involving complex underground tunnels (qanats) and surface aqueducts.

MASJID NAMIRAH

Wikipedia: Masjid al-Namirah

The most critical landmarks of the Hajj pilgrimage. Located on the palin of Arafat, it marks the spot where the Prophet Muhammad s.a.w camped and delivered his Farewell Sermon (Khutbah al-Wida) in 632 CE. 

The front section is part of the mosque where the pulpit is located, is actually in Wadi Uranah, which is technically outside the boundaries of Arafat. The Imam will delivers the Annual Hajj Sermon from this mosque. 

MA'ALA CEMETERY

The Ma'ala Cemetery (properly known as Jannat al-Mu'alla) is the oldest and most important burial ground in Makkah. Located about 1 kilometer north of the Masjid al-Haram at the foot of Mount al-Hajun, it is a site of immense spiritual and historical weight for Hajj and Umrah pilgrims. It is very close to Masjid al-Jinn and Masjid al-Shajarah. 

Jannat al-Mu'alla is revered as the "Garden of the Exalted". It served as the main burial ground for the people of Mekkah even before the advent of Islam. It sacredness comes from the notable figures interred there:

• Sayyidah Khadijah (RA): The first wife of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the first person to embrace Islam. Her grave is the most visited site in the cemetery.
• Prophetic Family: The Prophet’s grandfather (Abdul Muttalib), his uncle (Abu Talib), and his mother (Aminah bint Wahb) are all traditionally believed to be buried here.
• Sons of the Prophet: His sons Qasim and Abdullah, who passed away in infancy, are resting here beside their mother.
• Companions (Sahabah): Many early Muslims and prominent companions, such as Asma bint Abi Bakr and her son Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr, are buried in this soil.

Ma'ala Cemetery as seen from the rooftop of Abraj Al-Janadriyyah in 2017

MEKKAH HARAM LAND BORDER

The Makkah Haram land border (known as Hudud al-Haram) is the sacred perimeter surrounding the city of Makkah. It defines the area where specific Islamic laws apply—such as the prohibition of hunting, cutting trees, or entry by non-Muslims. These boundaries cover a total area of approximately 560 sq km. 

If you are outside the Haram and heading to Makkah for Umrah/Hajj — Ihram must be worn before crossing the Haram border, i.e., at one of the Meeqats. If you are already in Makkah and want to perform a repeated Umrah, you exit outside the Haram border (usually to Tan'im), wear Ihram, and return.

For a pilgrim, especially reflecting on a 2017 Hajj experience, these borders are most visible through large highway markers and "Boundary Mosques."

1. Ziyarago: Mekkah's Haram Border - Map, Spiritual Significances and Connection to Miqats. 
2. What is Quran: History of Islam - The Boundaries of The Haram Land of Mecca.

GRAVE OF MAYMUNA BT AL-HARITH

The wife of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), located in Sarif, a town 20 km north of Makkah. It is located on the foute from Mekkah to Madinah, commonly referred to as Tareeq al-Hijrah. She was buried underneath the tree where she got married to the prophet s.a.w. 

Reference: Hajj Umrah Planner

ZAM ZAM RESTAURANT

In Mecca (Makkah), there are several dining options associated with the name Zamzam, ranging from casual local eateries to high-end hotel restaurants and cafes located near the Masjid al-Haram.

Zam Zam Restaurant located at Al Hajilah, Mekkah is known for Pakistani / Desi food like Haleem, mutton karahi and fresh Naan. Veru affordable with popular items like chicken grilled with rice and various pulses.

There are many more interesting places to visit in Mecca that I didn't have time to visit, we can find them on the website about interesting and historical places in Mecca.

Compiled by

Hj Zulheimy Maamor

Hajj 2017 pilgrim

Updated: 22 April 2026: 3.11 p.m