NOTE: ANCIENT HISTORY

• Achaemenid Dynasty: a royal house that ruled the Achaemenid Empire, which eventually stretched from Egypt and the Balkans in the west of Central Asia and the Indus Valley in the East. 
• Achaemenid Empire: an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus The Great of the Archaemenid Dynasty in 550 BC> 
• Akkadian Empire: an ancient kingdom established around 2334 BCE and the first empire in world history. Centered in ancient Mesopotamia and its territory is primarily lacated within modern-day Iraq and part of Iran, Syria, Turkey and Kuwait. Established by Sargon of Akkad after defeating the Sumerian King Lugal-zage-si.
• Anatolia: also known as Asia Minor, isa peninsula in West Asia that makes up the majority of the land area of Turkey. 
• Assyria:  a major ancient Mesopotamia civilisation that existed from the 21st to 7th centuries BC, which conquered and administered of West Asia from the Assyrian heartland in Upper Mesopotamia. Wikipedia : Assyria
• Atlantis : Plato wrote of a powerful island civilisation that sank beneath the sea in a single day and night around 9,600 BCE. 
• Babylonian Empire 
• Location - Mesopotamia between Tigris & Euphrates rivers, capital of Babylon.
• Descendants of the Akkandians, shared roots with Sumerian and Assyrians. 
• Hanging Garden of Babylon, one of the Seven Wonders of the World. 
• Code of Hammurabi - early legal text. 
• Bronze Age: a major period in human history characterised by the widespread use of bronze to manufacture tools, weapons and armor. It began in the Middle East around 3300 BCE and advanced across Europe and Asia, lasting until its abrupt conclusion around 1200-600 BCE when societies shifted to iron working. 
• Camelot : the legendary court of King Arthur,  a symbol of justice and chivalry - was it a real place or beautiful legend?
• Carthage: was founded around 814 BC by Phoenician settlers. Ancient Carthage was a city-state that ruled an empire through alliances and trade influence that stretched throughout North Africa dan Modern Spain. 
• Chaldea: refers to a region probably located in the marshy land of Southern Mesopotamia. 
• Ciudad Blanca : the "White City" is said to be a hidden civilisation deep in the Honduran jungle, protected by nature itself. 
• Dhar Tichitt and Qualata: prominent among the early urban centres, dated to 2000 BC,in present-day Mauritania. 
• Djenne-Djenno: the civilisation of Djenne-Djenno was located in the Niger River Valley in the country of Mali and is considered to be among the oldest Urbanised centres and the best-known archaeology site in sub-Saharan Africa. 
• Egypt: Ancient Egypt was a long-lived civilisation located in north-eastern Africa. Ancient Egypt developed over at least three and half milennia. 
• El Dorado: A golden city of unimaginable wealth to exist somewhere in South America. Many expeditions searched, but none ever returned with proof. 
• Ghost city of Imet: 
• Hidden in the eastern Nile Delta, Known for Temple of Wadjet, tower house and recent rediscovery.
• Reveals daily life in an ancient Egyptian Delta city. 
• Hellenistic Period: covers the time in Greek, Eastern Mediterranean and Middle Eastern History following Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the death of Cleopatra VII in 30 BC. 
• Hittites: an Anatolian Indo-European people who formed one of the first major civilisation of the Bronze Age in West Asia. Wikipedia: Hittites
• Homo Erectus : an extinct species of archaic human that lived from roughly 2 million years ago until about 110,000 years ago. It is the longest-surviving human species in history. 
• Homo Sapiens : the species of highly intelligent primates to which all living humans belong. Coined by Carl Linnaeus in 1758, the name reflects our unique cognitive capacities. Developing in Africa roughly 300,000 years ago, Homo Sapiens outlasted all other hominin species species to become the sole surviving branch of the human family tree. 
• Indus Valley:Bronze age civilisation - in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE.It spanned much of Pakistan, northwestern India and northeast Afghanistan.
• Iram of the Pillars : a magnificent city described in ancient texts as rich beyong belief, lost in the Arabian Desert over 2,000 years ago. 
• Kingdom of Aksum: of Aksumite Empire- a kingdom in North East Africa and South Arabia from classical antiquity to the Middle Ages, based in what is now Entrea and Northern Ethiopia, and spanning present-day Djibouti, Sudan, Yemen and Saudi Arabia.  
• Kingdom of Kush:also known as the Kushite Empire, was an ancient Kingdom in Nubia, centered along the Nile Valley in what is now northern Sudan and Southern Egypt. 
• Kitezh: A Russian legend tells of a holy city that vanished beneath a lake to protect itself from invaders - and still appears to those who are pure of heart. 
• Medes: an Iron Age Iranian people who spoke the Median Language, inhabited an area know as Media between western and northern Iran. 
• Mesolithic : the Old world archaeological period between the Upper Paleolithic and the Neolithic (Middle of Stone Age). Alternative names is Epipaleolithic. 
• Mesopotamia: a historical region of West Asia situated within the Tigris-Euphrates river system. It corresponds roughly to the territory of modern Iraq. 
• Mitanni: (1550-1260 BC) - a Hurrian-speaking state in northern Syria and southeast Anatolia (modern day Turkey). 
• Mohenjo Daro : one of the most famous cities of the ancient world. Built around 2600-1900 BC in the Indus Valley, located in Sindh, Pakistan. Known for planned streets and advanced drainage.
• Monte Alban: one of the first major cities in Mesoamerica, which today is known as the Mexican state of Oaxaca. 
• Neo-Assyrian: the 4th and penultimate state of ancient Assyrian history.  Beginning with accession of Adad-niran II in 911 BCE. 
• Neolithic: or New Stone Age, an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Asia, Europe and Africa (10,000 BC - 2,000 BC). Wikipedia : Neolithic.
• Nineveh: ancient Near Eastern city of Upper Mesopotamia, located in the modern-day city of Mosul in northern Iraq.The largest city on the Neo-Assyrian Empire. 
• Nok Culture: appeared in Nigeria around 1000 BC and mysteriously vanished around 200 AD. 
• Nubis: the Ta- Seti kingdom in Nubia to the south of Egypt was conquered by Egyptian rulers around 3100 BC,but by 2500 BC the Nubian had created a new kingdom known as Kingdom of Kush. 
• Paleolithic : or Old Stone Age - period of human prehistoric technology, extending from the earliest known use of stone toold by Hominins, c. 3.3 million years ago, to the end of the Pleistocene. 
• Parthia: was an Iranian civilisation situated in the northeastern part of modern Iran. The Parthian Empire was led by the Arsacid Dynasty. 
• Persian: an Iranian ethnic group indigenous to the Iranian plateau in West Asia that comprise the majority of the population of modern-day Iran. 
• Phoenicia: an ancient Semitic people who inhabited city-states in Canaan along the Levantine Coast of the eastern Mediterranean, primarily in present-day Lebanon. 
• Prehistory: the period before written history. Most of the knowledge of that period comes from the work of archaeologists. 
• Ptolemaic Kingdom: an ancient Greek polity based in Egypt durign the Hellenistic period. Founded in 305 BC by the Macedonian General Ptolemy I Soter, a companion of Alexander The Great. 
• Sasanian Empire: an Iranian empire that was founded and ruled by the House of Sasan from 224 to 651 AD. 
• Seleucid Empire: in West Asia during the Hellenistic Period, founded in 312 BC by the Macedonians general Seleucus I Nicator. 
• Stone Age: prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make stone tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years and ended between 4000 BC and 2000 BC. Wikipedia: Stone Age
• Sumerian City-States: (3000-2334 BCE) - Southern Mesopotamia, where cities such as Umma, Uruk, Ur, Lagash and Kish competed for land and influence. It is independent city-states, each with its own ruler, patron god, temples and surrounding farmland. 
• Temple of Solomon : Sacred center of Israel, built by Solomon, the first temple in Jurusalem. It was destroyed by the Babylonians under King Nebuchadnezzar II in 586 BC. Built specifically to house the Ark of Covenant, which contained the stone tablets of the Ten Commandments. 
• Zapotec Civilisation: (700 BC - 1521 AD) - an indigenous pre-Columbian civilisation that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca in Mesoamerica. 
• Zerzura: a lost oasis in the Sahara Desert, mentioned in ancient maps and caravan tales, but never found. 

Reference:

1. History: Ancient History
2. Wikipedia : Ancient History

Updated:

Hj Zulheimy Maamor

16 July 2026: 11.45 p.m

BUKIT SALBIAH, PULAU PINANG

Mitos mengenai Bukit Salbiah yang terletak di Jalan Bukit Fettes (kini Jalan Lembah Permai), Tanjung Bungah, Pulau Pinang, berpunca daripada satu kes pembunuhan tragis yang benar-benar berlaku pada November 1980. Nama asal bukit tersebut bertukar menjadi Bukit Salbiah dalam kalangan masyarakat tempatan selepas penemuan mayat seorang wanita di kawasan berkenaan. 

Berikut adalah perincian mengenai mitos dan fakta sejarah di sebalik Bukit Salbiah:

Kisah Mitos & Urban Legend

Sejak tahun 1980-an hingga 1990-an, laluan berbukit yang sempit dan mempunyai selekoh tajam ini menjadi sangat digeruni oleh pengguna jalan raya kerana beberapa mitos seram: 

• Jelmaan Kelibat Putih: Pengguna jalan raya, terutamanya penunggang motosikal pada waktu malam, sering mendakwa ternampak kelibat wanita berpakaian putih sedang berdiri di tepi jalan atau bertenggek di atas dahan pokok di selekoh tajam. 
• Wanita Berjalan Sendirian: Wujud cerita mistik mengenai pemandu yang terserempak dengan seorang wanita yang berjalan seorang diri dalam kegelapan malam, namun wanita tersebut hilang secara tiba-tiba apabila dihampiri. 
• Gangguan Bunyi: Ada juga dakwaan terdengar suara tangisan atau hilaian sayu di sekitar gaung tempat mayat mangsa ditemui. 

Fakta Sejarah Pembunuhan (1980)

Mitos tersebut tidak muncul kosong, sebaliknya bersumberkan kes jenayah profil tinggi yang menggemparkan negara: 

1. Mangsa: Salbiah Yeop Abdul Rahman (27 tahun), seorang pekerja kilang di Bayan Lepas. 
2. Penemuan Mayat: Pada 19 November 1980, mayat Salbiah ditemui dalam keadaan hampir reput di dalam sebuah gaung/lurah di Jalan Bukit Fettes. 
3. Pembunuh: Pembunuhnya merupakan kekasih mangsa sendiri, iaitu seorang pegawai polis berpangkat Inspektor Percubaan bernama Saderi Abdul Samat (24 tahun). 
4. Motif: Salbiah didapati hamil hasil hubungan mereka. Saderi, yang ketika itu sudah bertunang dengan wanita lain, telah merancang pembunuhan Salbiah dengan teliti di Mes Pegawai Polis Jalan Scotland untuk menutup rahsia tersebut. Saderi kemudiannya membuang mayat Salbiah ke dalam gaung di Bukit Fettes bagi menghapuskan bukti. 
5. Hukuman: Walaupun Saderi cuba menegakkan helah bahawa Salbiah membunuh diri, pihak pendakwaan berjaya membuktikan ia adalah kes pembunuhan. Saderi akhirnya dijatuhkan hukuman gantung sampai mati. 

Kombinasi jalan raya yang sunyi, berselekoh tajam, dan kisah pembunuhan kejam ini akhirnya melahirkan urban legend penampakan "Hantu Salbiah" yang terus diceritakan oleh masyarakat Pulau Pinang sehingga ke hari ini. 

PERBICARAAN KES

Perbicaraan kes pembunuhan Salbiah Yeop Abdul Rahman oleh Inspektor Percubaan Saderi Abdul Samat berlangsung selama 20 hari di Mahkamah Tinggi Pulau Pinang. Perbicaraan ini menjadi tumpuan negara kerana taktik licik tertuduh yang cuba menggunakan jawatan dan kepakarannya sebagai pegawai polis untuk memanipulasi bukti kes. 

Berikut adalah kronologi lengkap perbicaraan dan pembongkaran kes tersebut:

1. Permulaan Siasatan & Penahanan (November 1980)

• 15 November 1980: Salbiah dilaporkan hilang selepas keluar dari rumah sewa atau tempat kerjanya.
• 19 November 1980: Seorang pembuat roti, Wan Teik Boon (23 tahun), menemui mayat Salbiah yang mula mereput di dalam sebuah lurah/gaung di Jalan Bukit Fettes. 
• 24 November 1980: Pihak polis memanggil Inspektor Saderi Samat pada jam 11.45 malam untuk sesi temu bual selepas mengesan rekod hubungan sulitnya dengan mangsa. Siasatan diketuai oleh Pegawai Penyiasat, Inspektor Abdul Rani Abdullah, bersama Pemangku DSP Mohamad Fauzi Saari. 

2. Helah "Mati Bunuh Diri" oleh Tertuduh
Semasa disoal siasat, Saderi mengaku telah menghamilkan Salbiah namun menegaskan bahawa dia bukanlah pembunuh wanita tersebut. Sebaliknya, dia mengemukakan naratif rekaan yang sangat terperinci: 

• Saderi mendakwa Salbiah telah menggantung diri menggunakan tali di atas alang kayu di dalam bilik air Mes Pegawai Polis Jalan Scotland kerana berasa sangat malu akibat hamil luar nikah.
• Dia mendakwa hanya menemui mayat Salbiah yang sudah tergantung.
• Disebabkan panik dan takut rahsianya (kehamilan Salbiah) diketahui oleh tunang rasminya, Rubiah Tijan, Saderi bertindak menurunkan mayat tersebut.
• Saderi mengaku meminjam kereta rakannya (Inspektor Che Ibrahim Che Muda) untuk memindahkan dan membuang mayat Salbiah ke dalam gaung Bukit Fettes pada malam kejadian demi menutup penemuan kes bunuh diri itu di kuarters polis. 

3. Prosiding Perbicaraan & Pembongkaran Fakta (Mahkamah Tinggi)
Pihak pendakwaan tidak mempercayai cerita Saderi dan membawanya ke muka pengadilan atas tuduhan membunuh di bawah Seksyen 302 Kanun Keseksaan. Kes ini patah di mahkamah melalui dua keterangan pakar yang kritikal: 

• Sanggahan Pakar Kimia (Hoong Seng Hong): Pihak pembelaan Saderi cuba membuktikan Salbiah mati tergantung pada sebatang paku yang bengkok/patah di alang bilik air. Walau bagaimanapun, ahli kimia mengesahkan bahawa paku tersebut mustahil dapat menampung berat badan manusia melebihi 45 kilogram. Ujian makmal membuktikan paku tersebut bengkok akibat ketukan tukul biasa, bukannya akibat bebanan tubuh mangsa. 
• Laporan Bedah Siasat (Autopsi): Pakar perubatan forensik mengesahkan kesan kecederaan dan jerutan pada leher Salbiah tidak sepadan dengan kesan gantung diri secara sukarela. Corak kecederaan membuktikan mangsa telah dijerut secara paksa dari belakang (pembunuhan) sebelum mayatnya dialihkan. 
• Bicara dalam Perbicaraan (Trial within a Trial): Pihak pembelaan sempat membantah kenyataan percakapan Saderi kepada pegawai penyiasat. Namun, mahkamah menolak bantahan tersebut dan menerima kenyataan Saderi sebagai bahan bukti yang sah. 

4. Keputusan Mahkamah & Hukuman Gantung

• Siri Penipuan Terbongkar: Mahkamah mendapati Saderi mempunyai motif yang sangat kuat. Dia merancang pembunuhan itu dengan teliti di kuarters polis bagi mengelakkan perkahwinannya dengan tunang pilihan keluarga musnah.
• Sabitan Kesalahan: Hakim Mahkamah Tinggi memutuskan bahawa pihak pendakwaan berjaya membuktikan kes melampaui keraguan munasabah. Cerita kononnya Salbiah membunuh diri ditolak sepenuhnya sebagai rekaan semata-mata.
• Hukuman: Inspektor Saderi Abdul Samat dijatuhkan hukuman gantung sampai mati. Rayuannya di mahkamah peringkat lebih tinggi juga ditolak, dan hukuman mati tersebut akhirnya dilaksanakan. 

Siri perbicaraan inilah yang mendedahkan kebenaran di sebalik tragedi cinta tiga segi tersebut, sekali gus menamatkan spekulasi liar masyarakat mengenai punca sebenar kematian Salbiah di bukit berkenaan. 

Rujukan:

1. Utusan TV: Kelibat Wanita sering muncul selepas penemuan mayat wanita yang dibunuh. Itukah roh Salbiah?
2. Kosmo :Jelmaan Misteri di Bukit Salbiah
3. VAT 69 : X-File - Tragedi Cinta 3 Segi
4. Tahyul, Karut atau Benar: Kes Pembunuhan oleh Inspektor Saderi Abdul Samat

C&P : 13 Julai 2026: 2.37 a.m

JOKI TIMBA, JALAN BUKIT LAMA, BALIK PULAU, PULAU PINANG

"Jolo Timba" (atau nama sebenarnya Joki Timba) ialah sebuah cerita legenda urban dan kisah misteri yang sangat terkenal di Balik Pulau, Pulau Pinang. Kisah ini berpusat di kawasan laluan berbukit Jalan Bukit Lama yang menghubungkan Balik Pulau dengan kawasan bandar.

Kisah di Sebalik Legenda

• Asal-Usul Nama: Perkataan "timba" merujuk kepada bekas atau baldi besar yang digunakan untuk mengisi air. Perkataan "joki" pula merupakan gelaran tempatan bagi penunggang motosikal yang membawa kenderaan dengan laju.
• Tragedi Malang: Menurut cerita penduduk tempatan, kisah ini bermula pada sekitar tahun 1980-an atau 1990-an. Seorang pemuda yang bekerja sebagai penjual air soya (atau air tebu dalam sesetengah versi) sedang menunggang motosikal Honda miliknya. Beliau membawa dua buah timba besar berisi air jualan di bahagian belakang kenderaan.
• Kemalangan Ngeri: Ketika melalui selekoh tajam di jalan bukit yang gelap pada waktu malam, pemuda tersebut telah terlibat dalam kemalangan ngeri dan meninggal dunia di tempat kejadian.

Entiti Misteri Jalan Bukit Lama

• Jelmaan Malam: Selepas kejadian tersebut, bermulalah kisah misteri dalam kalangan pengguna jalan raya, terutamanya penunggang motosikal yang lalu di situ pada waktu awal pagi (dinihari).
• Bunyi dan Kelibat: Ramai mendakwa pernah terserempak dengan kelibat sebuah motosikal misteri yang memotong mereka dengan laju. Apabila dilihat, penunggangnya membawa timba di bahagian belakang, namun kelibat itu hilang secara tiba-tiba di kawasan selekoh gelap. Ada juga yang mendakwa terdengar bunyi heretan timba besi di atas jalan tar.

Jalan Bukit Lama Balik Pulau memang terkenal dengan laluannya yang bengkang-bengkok, curam, dan kurang lampu jalan, membuatkan kawasan ini sering dikaitkan dengan pelbagai cerita mistik masyarakat setempat.

Lain-lain bacaan:

1. Kosmo : Kelibat Joki Timba muncul waktu dinihari

Hj Zulheimy Maamor

13 Julai 2026: 1.58 a.m

THE SERVICEWOMEN HONOURED

This commemorative poster, titled "Four Women. Four Lives of Service. One Lasting Legacy," honors the four American women buried at the Normandy American Cemetery in Colleville-sur-Mer, France. 

The Servicewomen Honored

• Sgt. Delores M. Browne
• Pfc. Mary H. Bankston
• Pfc. Mary Jewel Barlow
• Unit: Members of the 6888th Central Postal Directory Battalion (popularly known as the "Six Triple Eight").
• Significance: The 6888th was the only all-Black, all-female Women's Army Corps (WAC) unit deployed overseas during World War II. They cleared multi-year backlogs of mail for millions of American personnel in Europe under the motto "No Mail, Low Morale".
• Tragedy: All three women died in the line of duty during a fatal Jeep accident in Rouen, France, on March 12, 1945. 

• Elizabeth Ann Richardson
• Organization: An American Red Cross volunteer.
• Tragedy: She lost her life in a Piper Cub plane crash near Rouen, France, on July 1, 1945, while supporting military morale efforts following the Allied victory.

Artistic Legacy

This historical tribute was commissioned by the American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) as part of a series of vintage-style commemorative travel posters. It explicitly highlights their final resting place among the thousands of white marble Latin crosses and Stars of David overlooking Omaha Beach.

OTHER WOMEN WHO SERVED OVERSEAS IN WWII

During World War II, approximately 350,000 American women served in uniform. While the vast majority were stationed on the home front, thousands were deployed to overseas theaters—including North Africa, Europe, the Pacific, and the China-Burma-India theater. 

The Army Nurse Corps (ANC) & Navy Nurse Corps

Military nurses were the most heavily deployed group of women during the war. They served dangerously close to the front lines. 

• Deployment: More than 14,000 Army nurses served overseas. They landed with assault troops in North Africa in 1942 and operated field hospitals just miles behind combat lines in Europe and the Pacific. 
• Prisoners of War: A total of 68 Army nurses and 11 Navy nurses were captured by Japanese forces in the Philippines in 1942. Known as the "Angels of Bataan and Corregidor," they endured nearly three years of brutal internment at Santo Tomas Internment Camp while continuing to treat sick and starving fellow captives. 

Women's Army Corps (WAC) Detachments

Beyond the 6888th Central Postal Directory Battalion, thousands of other WACs served overseas in non-segregated units. 

• The European Theater: WACs served as bilingual switchboard operators, cryptographic clerks, and photographic analysts under General Dwight D. Eisenhower at his Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF).
• The Pacific Theater: WAC units were stationed in Australia, New Guinea, and the Philippines. They worked around the clock in tropical climates as administrative staff, keeping military logistics moving. 
• Military Intelligence & Translation: In the Pacific, the military deployed Japanese-American (Nisei) women assigned to the Military Intelligence Service (MIS). They served as translators and interrogators, breaking code scripts and translating captured enemy documents. 

The American Red Cross (ARC) Volunteers

Tens of thousands of civilian women stepped up to serve in international war zones alongside the military.

• Clubmobiles: Red Cross workers drove specialized single-decker buses, known as Clubmobiles, straight to active military camps across Europe and Great Britain. They provided American soldiers with a touch of home by serving fresh doughnuts, hot coffee, and playing music.
• Casualties: Like Elizabeth Ann Richardson, many ARC volunteers operated in active flight paths and war zones, suffering high rates of fatal accidents and illnesses.

Office of Strategic Services (OSS) Spies

The precursor to the CIA, the OSS heavily relied on women to execute highly dangerous espionage missions behind enemy lines.

• Virginia Hall: A legendary American civilian spy who operated in Nazi-occupied France. Despite having a wooden prosthetic leg, she organized sabotage operations for the French Resistance, mapped drop zones for Allied supplies, and trained resistance fighters. The Gestapo considered her one of the most dangerous Allied spies.
• Barbara Lauwers: An OSS operative stationed in Rome who specialized in "Morale Operations" (psychological warfare). She successfully created counter-propaganda that convinced thousands of German and Czechoslovakian soldiers to surrender to Allied forces.

(Note: While the famous Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) flew military aircraft—including heavy bombers and fighter planes—their transport flights were strictly restricted to the borders of the United States and Canada, and they were never officially deployed overseas.) 

Reference:

1. Marshall Foundation : The 6888th Central Postal Directory Battalion.
2. Wikipedia : Angels of Bataan
3. Wikipedia : Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial
4. National Park Service : Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP)

Hj Zulheimy Maamor

Lembah Keramat, K.L

12 July 2026: 10.28 a.m

CHRONOLOGY : MALACCA HISTORY

• 1262 : Melaka was founded according to Sulalatus Salatin (Raja Bongsu version). 
• 1400 : The founding of Melaka by Parameswara
• 1403 : Admiral Yin Qing leads the first official Ming Dynasty trade envoy to Malacca, establishing vital diplomatic relations. 
• 1405 : 
• Yongle Emperor of Ming Dynasty sent his envoy headed by Yin Qing to Malacca. 
• The first Sino-Malay Dictionary, "Manlajia Guo Yiyu" was established by Emperor Yongle of Ming Dynasty. 
• 1407 : Admiral Zheng He (Cheng Ho) made his first of six visit to Malacca. 
• 1411 : Parameswara headed a Royal Party of 540 people and left for China with Admiral Zheng He to visit the Ming Court. 
• 1414 : 
• The Ming Shilu mentions that the son on the first ruler of Malacca visited the Ming Court to inform Yongle that his father had died. 
• Parameswara converts to Islam and takes the title Sultan Iskandar Shah, officially establishing the Malacca. 
• 1424 : Sri Maharajah ascended the throne and change his name to Sultan Muhammad Shah (1424-1444). He rules according to Islamic teachings, established court ethnics and spread Islam. 
• 1426: Hsuan-tsung (Hsuan-te) Shih-Lu - Chinese records that mention the Malay Kingdom of Malacca. It strengthening diplomatic ties between Malacca Sultanate and the Ming Dynasty during the reign of the Xuande Emperor (1426-1435). 
• 1431 : The 1431 Decree issued by Emperor Xuande of China to the King of Siam, to stop interfering with Malacca, effectively acting as a "Security Guarantor" for the Malay Kingdom.  
• 1434 : Gong Zhen, a secretary and translator for Admiral Zheng He, provides a detailed first-hand account of the Melaka Sultanate (referred to as Manlajia). 
• 1436 : Fei-Hsin's notes,  The "Hsing-Ch'a Sheng-Lan" regarding the prosperous socioeconomics conditions of the State of Malacca at that time. 
• 1444  : Raja Ibrahim, the youngest son of Sultan Muhammad Shah, became the ruler after the passing of his father. 
• 1445 : Raja Ibrahim was assassinated and buried with the title Sultan Abu Syahid. 
• 1446: Sultan Muzafar Shah (1446-1458) establishes Islam as the State Religion and repels Siamese military invasions. 
  
• 1447 : The first Siamese attack on Melaka took place but was repelled by Melakan forces.The Siamese were defeated near Muar. 
• 1451 : Ying Yai Sheng-Lan - Ma Huan's notes that the King and the people of Malacca had embraced Islam and Melaka is a bustling International Port, attracting merchants from Arabs, China, India and Japan. 
• 1456: Tun Perak is appointed Bendahara (Prime Minister). He serves under four Sultans, spearheading military and territoria expansions across the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra. 
• 1459 : Sultan Mansur Shah succeeds Muzaffar Shah. Admiral Zheng He brings Chinese Princess Hang Li Po as a wife for the Sultan. 
• 1468 : Melaka sent Minister Ba La Si and interpreter Wu Sha to meet the Emperor of China (Xian Zhong Shu Lu, Volume 59). 
• 1469 : The King of Melaka, Sultan Mansur Shah sent Duan Ya Ma La Di Na Cha and his 12 companions to meet and present tribute to the Emperor of China (Xian Zhong Shu Lu, volume 65). 
• 1471: Trade relations were established between the Ottoman Turks and the Malay Kingdom of Malacca, during the reign of Sultan Muhammad al-Fateh and Sultan Mansur Shah (Zafer Ozcan).
• 1477 : Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah (1477-1488) ascended the throne after the passing of Sultan Mansur Shah. He was known to be firm in carrying out his duties. 
• 1480 / 81 : Letter was sent by Sultan of Melaka to the Ryukyu Kingdom. 
• 1483: The Malacca Army successfully defeated 30,000 Annan troops of the Dai Viet led by Emperor Le Thanh Tong, according to Mao Qiling, a Qing Dynasty Scholar. 
• 1488 : Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah was poisoned and died in Pagoh. Sultan Mahmud Shah (1488-1511) ehen ascended the throne, supported by the efforts of Tun Perak and Hang Tuah. 
• 1498 - Tun Perak passed away. 
• 1500 : Tun Mutahir, cousin of Tun Perak was appointed Bendahara with the title Bendahara Seri Maharaja and became the most powerful among the officials of the Melaka Sultanate. 
• 1509 : Diego Lopes de Sequeira lands the first Portuguese expedition to establish trade, but relations quickly collapse into conflict. 
• 1510 : Bendahara Tun Mutahir and his family were executed on the orders of the Sultan Mahmud Shah for refusing to give his daughter Tun Fatimah in marriage to the Sultan. Realising his mistake, Sultan Mahmud Shah temporarily abdicated the throne, which was taken over by his son, Sultan Ahmad Shah. 
• 1511 : Alfonso de Albuquequer conquers Malacca after a fierce siege. Sultan Mahmud Shah flees, ending the local sultanate.
• 1512 : 
• The Portuguese construct the famous A Famosa, fortress to safeguard thair newly acquired harbor from continous regional counter-attacks.
• Sultan Mahmud Shah launched an attack on the Portuguese in Melaka. 
• "Suma Oriental" written by Tom Pires, the first European account on the Malay Archipelago and Malacca. 
• 1513 : Patih Unus a Javanese warrior who later became the Sultan of Demak in Sumatra, attacked the Portuguese in Melaka. 
• 1515 : Tom Pires in "Suma Oriental" mentioned of the Melaka Hill and provided details from local oral tradition.
• 1516 : Admiral Hang Nadim, the son of Hang Tuah, launched an attack on Melaka. 
• 1518/19 : 
• Duarte Barbossa wrote a report describing the luxury of the Malay dignitaries in Malacca.
• Sultan Mahmud Shah's troops laid siege to the city of Melaka for 3 months. 
• 1523 : Sultan Mahmud Shah launched another attack on Melaka. 
• 1524 : Admiral Hang Nadim besieged Melaka and cut off its food supply. 
• 1537 : the first attack by the Acehnese on the Portuguese in Melaka. 
• 1545 : St.Francis Xavier visits Melaka on the first of his four sojourns, as a base in the East. He tries to get permission to travel to China from here. 
• 1548 : The first school in Melaka, St.Paul College, is established by St.Francis Xavier for the Portuguese Catholics and newly converted natives. 
• 1551 : a coalition of Johor, Japara and Perak attacked and laid siege to Melaka for 3 months. 
• 1553: Father St Francis Xavier died on the island of Sancian near Canton, China and was buried at St.Paul's Church in Melaka. Nine months later, his remains were moved and reburied in Goa. 
• 1566 : Damian De Goes in the "The Chronicle of the Most Happy King Dom Manuel of Glorious" , mentioned that Melaka as the richest city in the world. 
• 1567 : with assistance from Johor, Aceh attacked the Portuguese fortress in Melaka. However, they were once again defeated. 
• 1571 : Aceh attempted another attacked on the Portuguese in Melaka, but the attempt failed due to a typhoon. 
• 1575 : Japara launched an attack on the Portuguese in Melaka. 
• 1585 / 86 : Johor attacked Melaka. 
• 1587 : Johor Malays launch a land and sea attact on Melaka, saved by Portuguese reinforcements from Goa. The Portuguese retaliate by looting and razing the Johor capital to the ground.
• 1588 : The first English visitor, Ralph Ritch arrived in Melaka. 
• 1606 : First Dutch fleet arrives in Melaka under the command of Cornelis Matelief de Jonge.  An attack is staged with Johor's help. After a 3-months siege, Portuguese reinforcement arrive from Goa and successful ward off the attack.  
• 1615 : Aceh launched another attack on Melaka. 
• 1628 / 29 : Aceh held control over Melaka for 8 months before withdrawing. 
• 1629 : Battle of Duyong River - a giant Aceh great Ship Cakra Donya was captured and taken to Melaka.
• 1636 : Dutch ships destroyed Portuguese vessels in the port of Melaka. 
• 1641: The Dutch East India Company (VOC), allied with the Sultanate of Johor, conquers Malacca from the Portuguese after a brutal 8-months siege. 
• 1645 : 
• Cheng Hoon Teng temple is founded by Kapitan China, Li Kup. It is currently the oldest functioning Chinese temple in Malaysia. 
• A civil conflict occurred between the Dutch and Naning. 
• 1650 : Construction of the Stadthuys (the administrative Red Square), which stands today as the oldest remaining Dutch colonial building in the East. 
• 1710 : St Peter's Church, the oldest functioning Christian church in Malaysia is built after the Dutch restore freedom of religion to the Catholics. 
• 1753 : Christ Church - the Dutch church nest to the Stadthuys is the Town Square, is completed after 12 years of construction. 
• 1756 : The Bugis, led by Daeng Kemboja attacked Melaka. 
• 1784 : Raja Haji landed in Melaka but was later killed. 
• 1795 - 1815 :  Great Britain temporary occupies Malacca during the Napoleonic Wars to prevent French forces from seizing Dutch assets in Asia. 
• 1808 : The arrival of Stamford Raffles saved Melaka from a major decline. 
• 1818 : with the end of the Napoleonic Wars, Melaka was returned to Dutch rule un the Treaty of Venice. 
• 1824 : The Anglo-Dutch Treaty officially transfer Malacca to the British Empire in exchange for Bencoolen(Bengkulu) in Sumatra. 
• 1826: Malacca joins Penang and Singapore for the the Straits Settlements a direct British Crown Colony. 
• 1895 : Rubber Plantation was introduced by Tan Chay Yan in Bukit Lintang,in Melaka. 
• 1901 : The Queen Victoria fountain is erected in commemoration of the Queen's Diamond Jubilee (1837-1897). 
• 1942-1945 : A brutal Japanese Military Occupation halts British rule during World War II. 
• 1948-1960 : Malayan Emergency - Malayan's eternal war against Communist. 
• 1957 : 31st August - Malaya gained independence. 
• 1989 : Melaka was declared a Historical City on 15 April. 

Hj Zulheimy Maamor

10 July 2026: 9.54 p.m

TOME PIRES : MALACCA

The quote displayed at the bottom is highly significant to world history:

"Whoever is lord of Malacca shall have his hand on the throat of Venice."

Historical Context of the Quote

• The Strategic Value of Malacca: Tomé Pires wrote this famous line in his monumental book, the Suma Oriental, completed between 1512 and 1515. He was describing the pivotal importance of the Sultanate of Malacca (located in modern-day Malaysia), which served as the absolute center of global maritime trade in Southeast Asia.
• The Venetian Monopoly: Prior to the 16th century, Venice held a lucrative monopoly on the spice trade in Europe. Spices traveled from Asia overland or through Arab naval trade networks across the Indian Ocean, eventually reaching Venice via Egypt and the Levant. Venice then redistributed them to Europe at astronomically high prices.
• The Portuguese Strategy: By capturing Malacca in 1511, the Portuguese Empire gained control over the Malacca Strait, effectively choking off the traditional spice trade routes that fueled Venetian wealth. This allowed Portugal to route spices directly around the Cape of Good Hope in Africa to Lisbon, bypassing Venice entirely and reshaping global economy and empire lines.

The Suma Oriental of Tomé Pires

Written between 1512 and 1515, the Suma Oriental is the earliest comprehensive European account of maritime Asia. Pires, originally a Portuguese royal apothecary, served as a trade factor and colonial administrator in Malacca immediately following its capture. 

• The Scope: The work is a multi-volume, encyclopedic geographic and ethnographic report compiled for King Manuel I. It methodically maps the commercial networks stretching from the Red Sea, across India and Southeast Asia, all the way to China and Japan. 
• Commercial Geography: Pires detailed local currencies, weights, measures, trade commodities, and political structures. He notably provided Westerners with their first reliable written accounts of Java, Sumatra, and the highly coveted Spice Islands (Moluccas). 
• The "Lost" Manuscript: Ironically, this foundational text on early modern globalization was kept strictly confidential by the Portuguese crown to protect strategic trade intelligence. It was feared lost to history until a copy was discovered in a Paris archive and finally published by the Hakluyt Society in 1944. 

The 1511 Portuguese Conquest of Malacca

The capture of Malacca was a critical milestone in Portugal’s grand strategy to bypass Islamic and Venetian middlemen and monopolize the global spice trade. 

• The Prelude (1509): Explorer Diogo Lopes de Sequeira led the first Portuguese expedition to Malacca to establish trade relations. However, local Gujarati and Muslim merchants, recognizing the Portuguese threat, urged Sultan Mahmud Shah to launch a surprise attack. Sequeira escaped, but several Portuguese sailors were captured as prisoners. 
• Albuquerque's Siege (1511): Utilizing the captured sailors as a casus belli, Afonso de Albuquerque, the Governor of Portuguese India, arrived in July 1511 with a powerful armada of 17-18 ships and roughly 1,200 men. The Sultan’s forces fiercely defended the city using war elephants, cannons, and a large multi-ethnic mercenary force. 
• The Turning Point: The battle centered heavily on a strategic bridge spanning the Malacca River, which split the city in two. After weeks of deadlock, Albuquerque used a heavily armed, shallow-draft junk ship to breach the bridge defenses. By mid-August 1511, Malacca fell. 
• The Aftermath: Sultan Mahmud Shah retreated into the jungle, later founding the Johor Sultanate to continue resisting the Portuguese. The Portuguese immediately secured their prize by constructing A Famosa, a formidable stone fortress using materials dismantled from the city's grand mosque and royal tombs.

MILITARY TECHNOLOGIES

The 1511 Siege of Malacca was a direct clash between cutting-edge European maritime military technology and traditional Southeast Asian amphibious warfare systems. While the Malacca Sultanate possessed overwhelming numbers and thousands of pieces of artillery, the superior range, standardization, and tactical application of Portuguese technology decided the outcome. 

The Portuguese Empire (The Attackers)

The Portuguese relied on highly structured, heavily armed expeditionary tactics. Their army consisted of roughly 1,000 disciplined Portuguese soldiers and auxiliary mercenaries. 

• Naval Artillery: Heavy iron and bronze muzzle-loading cannons mounted on naus (carracks) and caravels. These guns easily outranged Malaccan defense positions, enabling a relentless, destructive bombardment of the city's timber buildings. 
• Personal Firearms: Matchlock muskets (arcabuzes). These weapons provided terrifying psychological impact and piercing power, bypassing native wooden shields and effectively panicking war elephants. 
• Infantry Weaponry & Armor: Standardized metal breastplates, morion-style steel helmets, long pikes, and broadswords. This heavy steel armor rendered Portuguese soldiers practically immune to native arrows, blowpipe darts, and light blades. 
• Improvised Siege Engineering: When direct amphibious landings were thwarted by tidal mudflats, Afonso de Albuquerque converted a captured, tall Chinese merchant junk ship into a floating siege tower. Packed with swivel guns and protective barriers, it was run aground at the Malacca River bridge to rain firepower downward into the Sultan's inner stronghold. 

The Malacca Sultanate (The Defenders)

The Sultanate deployed an estimated 4,000 royal soldiers alongside thousands of multi-ethnic mercenaries (including Javanese, Turkish, and Indian warriors). 

• Abundant Artillery: Historical records show Malacca possessed massive stockpiles of artillery—the Portuguese captured over 3,000 pieces. This included small bronze swivel guns (lantaka or cetbang) and larger wrought-iron bombard cannons. However, the vast majority were small-caliber, short-range anti-personnel weapons. 
• Heavy Cavalry (War Elephants): The Sultan's elite force relied on heavily armored war elephants carrying wooden towers armed with archers and spearmen. While devastating against local regional rivalries, they proved a liability under gun and cannon fire, panicking and trampling their own defensive lines. 
• Amphibious Naval Craft: A riverine fleet consisting of fast lancaran and penjajap outrigger warships. They were heavily utilized to deploy fire-rafts filled with pitch, oil, and firewood downriver to incinerate Portuguese ships. 
• Traditional Ballistics & Sidearms: Recurve bows, blowpipes firing highly lethal, poison-tipped darts, and long Javanese spears. For close-quarters melee combat, warriors carried the iconic kris (wavy-bladed daggers). 
• Defensive Fortifications: Temporary bamboo stockades and earth-filled wooden palisades. Because Malacca lacked permanent stone walls, these wooden structures quickly caught fire or shattered under heavy Portuguese naval bombardment. 

THE FATE OF FLOR DE LA MAR

The sinking of the Flor de la Mar (Flower of the Sea) remains one of the greatest maritime tragedies and unsolved treasure mysteries in human history.

The Flagship of Empire

Built in Lisbon in 1502, the Flor de la Mar was a massive 400-ton Portuguese nau (carrack). She was a legendary but notoriously unreliable vessel. Because of her immense size, she frequently leaked and broke down during heavy seas. Despite her structural flaws, she served as the personal flagship for Afonso de Albuquerque during the historic conquests of Goa (1510) and Malacca (1511).

The Unprecedented Booty

Following the fall of the Sultanate of Malacca in August 1511, the Portuguese systematically plundered the wealthy trading hub. Albuquerque selected the Flor de la Mar to carry the absolute finest of the spoils back to King Manuel I in Lisbon. The cargo was arguably the richest maritime treasure ever assembled:

• The Sultan's Treasury: Over 60 tons of solid gold objects, including gold statues, plates, and coins.
• Precious Gems: Crates overflowing with rubies, diamonds, sapphires, and emeralds.
• Tribute Gifts: Exotic treasures intended for the Portuguese royal court, including two life-sized golden monkeys with ruby eyes, a gift from the King of Siam.
• The Imperial Map: A legendary chart belonging to a Javanese pilot, detailing the secret sea routes to China, Japan, and the Spice Islands.

The Fatal Shipwreck

In late November 1511, Albuquerque set sail from Malacca bound for Goa, leading a small fleet.

• The Storm: In December 1511, while navigating the treacherous waters of the Strait of Malacca along the northeast coast of Sumatra (near Pasé), the fleet was slammed by a violent tropical storm.
• The Disaster: Already structurally compromised and heavily overloaded with treasure, the Flor de la Mar could not withstand the waves. She ran aground on a coral reef or sandbank, breaking completely in two during the night.
• The Survivors: Afonso de Albuquerque and a few of his top officers narrowly escaped death by building a makeshift raft. However, the vast majority of the crew perished in the sea.

The Lost Treasure

When the ship split apart, the immense weight of the gold and gems caused the cargo to plunge immediately into the dark, muddy seabed. Because the area was actively hostile and the water was murky, no immediate recovery operations could be mounted.

Over the centuries, the exact location of the wreck was swallowed by shifting sands, silt, and changing coastlines. Today, the lost treasure of the Flor de la Mar is estimated to be worth between $1 billion and $3 billion USD. It continues to sit somewhere off the coast of Sumatra, fiercely protected by overlapping territorial disputes and centuries of mud.

C&P

10 July 2026: 7.34 p.m

DOWN MEMORY LANE: THE ORIGIN STORY BEHIND THE "PING PONG" CRACKER NAME

The origin behind Hup Seng’s iconic "Cap Ping Pong" (Table Tennis Brand) name is tied directly to a historic sporting milestone that captivated the world in the late 1950s.

The 1959 World Championship Victory

In 1958, the Kerk brothers were brainstorming a name for their signature cream crackers. At that time, table tennis was exploding in global popularity across Asia.

The peak of this phenomenon occurred at the 1959 World Table Tennis Championships in Dortmund, Germany, where China's Rong Guotuan won the Men's Singles title. It was a massive historic milestone, marking the first-ever World Championship title won by any athlete from the People's Republic of China.

Symbol of Victory and Unity

The global buzz surrounding the "Ping Pong" tournament was immense. The founders of Hup Seng decided to capitalize on this excitement. They chose the name and logo of a ping pong paddle and ball because:

• Brand Recognition: Everyone was talking about table tennis, making the name immediately memorable.
• Positive Association: The sport symbolized skill, triumph, international pride, and healthy energy.
• Catchy Rhythm: "Cap Ping Pong" rolled off the tongue easily for customers of all language backgrounds in multicultural Malaya.

The famous Hup Seng Today

The actual Johor-born Hup Seng remains a powerhouse in modern Malaysia: 

• The Ultimate Childhood Snack: Their legendary Cap Ping Pong Cream Crackers (named in 1958 after China won the World Table Tennis Championship) are widely considered the gold standard for dipping into hot Milo, coffee, or tea.
• The Biscuit Company: The famous Hup Seng Industries Berhad was actually founded further south in Batu Pahat, Johor. It was started in 1957 by the four Kerk Brothers and a business partner who began by selling biscuits out of a small van. They opened their first production plant at Batu Pahat in 1964.
• The Shared Name: "Hup Seng" (合成) is a highly common traditional Chinese business name translating "Success through Teamwork" or "Unity is Success". 
• Global Brand: Today, it is a publicly traded company on Bursa Malaysia that generates hundreds of millions in revenue and exports its nostalgic biscuits to over 60 countries worldwide. 

The name stuck so well that for over six decades, generations of Malaysians have uniquely referred to these square, flaky cream crackers not by the company name, but simply as "Biskut Ping Pong".

Reference:

1. Hup Seng : Our Beginning with a Malaysian Heritage
2. Vulcan Post: Started by Johorian Bros, here's the story of how Hup Seng grew into a global cracker brand. 

C&P

10 July 2026: 2.01 p.m

DOWN MEMORY LANE: HIGH STREET SCHOOL, KUALA LUMPUR

 

Located at Jalan Panggung, K.L

This location was part of the original school compound that once housed High Street School. 

Historical Overview

• The Property's Roots: The signboard on the wall reads Pejabat Pengurusan Barang Kes & Stor Bekalan Ibu Pejabat Polis Daerah (IPD) Dang Wangi. This indicates it is currently utilized as an evidence management office and supply store for the Dang Wangi District Police Headquarters. 
• The High Street Connection: This entire site on Jalan Tun H. S. Lee (historically known as High Street or Jalan Bandar) has deep historical roots in Kuala Lumpur's education sector. 

Timeline of the Grounds:

• 1893–1929: The complex was originally built to house the prestigious Victoria Institution (VI).
• 1930–1954: After Victoria Institution relocated to Petaling Hill, the campus was used by the Technical College (which later evolved into Universiti Teknologi Malaysia).
• 1955–1963: When the Technical College moved to Jalan Gurney, the premises became High Street School. The school eventually relocated to Jalan Setapak in the 1960s and is known today as SMK Tinggi Setapak. 

The main historical Victorian school building sits just adjacent to this section of the compound and has been repurposed over the years for cultural departments, including the National Department for Culture and Arts (JKKN). 

THE HISTORY AND RELOCATION OF HIGH STREET SCHOOL'S TRANSITION TO SMK TINGGI SETAPAK

The history and relocation of High Street School into what is known today as SMK Tinggi Setapak marks an important chapter in Kuala Lumpur’s educational development. 

The transition took place through distinct historical phases:

1. The Genesis at High Street (1955)

• Founding: High Street School was established on January 12, 1955. It was officially opened by Dato' Othman bin Mohamed, the Menteri Besar of Selangor, with a royal opening later that year by Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah. 
• The Site: The school inherited the historic 1893 brick campus on High Street (now Jalan Tun H. S. Lee). This site was previously vacant after its former occupant, the Technical College, relocated to Gurney Road. 
• Purpose: Under its first headmaster, Mr. Herman M. de Souza (a former teacher from the Victoria Institution), the all-boys, English-medium school was formed to accommodate the growing population of youths who could not secure placements in heavily congested premier institutions like Victoria Institution or Methodist Boys' School. Its initial school motto was "Lead By Leading". 

2. Disruption and "Squatting" (1961–1962)

• Urban Development: By 1961, downtown Kuala Lumpur was undergoing rapid modernization. The construction plans for the Kinabalu Flyover directly impacted the High Street area. 
• Temporary Relocation: The school had to vacate its historic premises. Without a permanent home ready, the students and staff "squatted" at St. John's Institution, operating strictly during the afternoon sessions. This arrangement fostered a unique, fierce sports rivalry between High Street School and St. John's during that era. 

3. The Move to Setapak (1963)

• A New Campus: In January 1963, the school finally moved to its newly constructed permanent campus on Jalan Ayer Jerneh in Setapak. 
• Name Progression: To better fit its new geography while honoring its roots, the school dropped "Street" from its name, becoming High School Kuala Lumpur. Local communities affectionately referred to it simply as "Setapak High". 
• Official Opening: The new Setapak campus was officially opened on April 15, 1968, by the Minister of Education, Mr. Mohamed Khir Johari. 

4. Modern Era as SMK Tinggi Setapak

• Identity Updates: With the relocation came a newly designed school badge in 1968. By the 1980s, following national language policies, the school transitioned to Malay-medium instruction and adopted the motto "Ilmu Tangga Kemajuan" (Knowledge is the Key to Progress). 
• Legacy: Today, SMK Tinggi Setapak functions as a national secondary school. It remains an all-boys school for Forms 1 to 5, while maintaining a co-educational format exclusively for its Form 6 pre-university classes.

HJ ZULHEIMY MAAMOR (1974-1978)

Memories of studying at Setapak High School from 1974 - 1978.

Period of service	Name
January 1955 – May 1966	Herman M de Souza
June 1966 – December 1966	S.M. Ponniah
January 1967 – December 1970	N. Rajendra
January 1971 – April 1971	Michael Loh
April 1971 – June 1981	Peter Tay
June 1981 – January 1988	V. Chakaravarthy
February 1988 – September 1988	June bin Jais
October 1988 – August 1992	Abdul Manaf bin Mohamed
August 1992 – January 1994	Muda @ Ibrahim bin Aki
February 1995 – March 1996	Abdul Rahim bin Mohamad
March 1996 – June 1998	Aziz bin Said
January 1998 – February 2000	Wan Mohamad Kasim bin Wan Abu Bakar
February 2000 – October 2005	Mohd. Nor bin Rajikin
November 2005 – June 2008	Che Azizah binti Saad
July 2008 – 2010	Maslan bin Buniran
2010 - 2013	Esaah binti Ismail
2013 - 2017	Naseh bin Hassan
2018 - 2023	Zubidah binti Md Yunos
2023–Present	Norazah BintI Shahrifudin

Hj Zulheimy Maamor

Ex-High School Setapak (1974-1978)

9 July 2026: 8.38 p.m